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天坛的导游词范文(汇总8篇)

2024-05-22导游词

天坛的导游词范文 篇1

  Ladies and Gentlemen:

  Welcome to the temple of Heaven. (After self-introduction) preserved cultural heritages of China. There are basically two kinds of visitors who come here: local pensioners who do exercises here in the morning and evening and sightseers both from home and abroad. All in all ,there are 12 million visitors very year. Now we are going to go along the route that leads to the alter. It will take roughly one hour. Mind you ,the emperor also walked along this route to pay tribute to the God of Heaven.

  (Along the Southern Sacred Road leading to the Circular Mound Altar)

  The largest group of architectures ever to be dedicated to Heaven ,the Temple of Heaven served as an exclusive altar for Chinese monarchs during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was decreed that rulers of successive dynasties would place altars in their own capitals to worship Heaven and pray for good harvest. But why ?

  The ancient Chinese believed that Heaven was the supreme ruler of the universe and the fate of mankind ,and thus worshiping rites dedicated to Heaven came into being.

  The Heaven the ancient Chinese referred to was actually the Universe, or nature. In those days, there were specfic rites of worship. This was especially true during the Ming and Qing dynasties when elaborate ceremonies were held.

  The Temple of Heaven was built in 1420 during the reign of Emperor Youngle of the Ming Dynasty. Situated in the southern part of the city ,this grand set of structures covers an area of 273 hectares. To better symbolize heaven and earth ,the northern part of the Temple is circular while the southern part is square .The whole compound is enclosed by two walls, a square wall outside a round one. The outer area is characterized by suburban scenery, while the inner part is used for sacrifices. The inner enclosure consists of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest and the Circular Mound Altar.

  (Along the Imperial Passage leading from the Southern Lattice Star Gate in front of the Circular Mound Altar)

  the Circular Mound Altar is enclosed by two walls ,each containing four groups of Souther

  n Lattice Star Gate, each in turn consisting of three doors, with 24 marble doors altogether. Standing on the passage facing north, you will notice that with each pair of doors on is narrower than the other. This reflects the feudal hierarchy: the wider door was reserved for monarchs, while the narrower one was used by courtiers.

  On the day of the ceremony ,the emperor would don his ritual costume and be ushered in by the official in charge of religious affairs. He ascended the three terraces in the forefront to pay tribute at the alter.

  (Atop the Circular Mound Alter)

  we are now on the top terrace of the Altar, or the third terrace .Each terrace has a flight of 9 steps. At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 steps. At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 concentric rings of stone. The number of stones in the first ring is 9, in the second ,18, up to 81 in the 9th ring. Even the number of carved balustrades on these terraces is a multiplee of 9. But why?

  According to an cient Chinese philosophy, yin and yang were two opposing factors. Heaven and the odd numbers belonged to yang while the Earth and even numbers belonged to yin. Nine was the largest heavenly number accessible to man . What is more, the ancient people also believed that heaven consisted of nine layers and that the emperor` s abode was on the uppermost tier.

天坛的导游词范文 篇2

  天坛是明、清两代皇帝“祭天”“祈谷”的场所,位于正阳门外东侧。坛域北呈圆形,南为方形,寓意“天圆地方”。四周环筑坛墙两道,把全坛分为内坛、外坛两部分,总面积273公顷,主要建筑集中于内坛。

  内坛以墙分为南北两部。北为“祈谷坛”,用于春季祈祷丰年,中心建筑是祈年殿。南为“圜丘坛”,专门用于“冬至”日祭天,中心建筑是一巨大的圆形石台,名“圜丘“。两坛之间以一长360米,高出地面的甬道——丹陛桥相连,共同形成一条南北长1200米的天坛建筑轴线,两侧为大面积古柏林。

  西天门内南侧建有“斋宫”,是祀前皇帝斋戒的居所。西部外坛设有“神乐署”,掌管祭祀乐舞的教习和演奏。坛内主要建筑有祈年殿、皇乾殿、圜丘、皇穹宇、斋宫、无梁殿、长廊、双环万寿亭等,还有回音壁、三音石、七星石等名胜古迹。

  天坛始建于明永乐十八年(1420),又经明嘉靖、清乾隆等朝增建、改建,建筑宏伟壮丽,环境庄严肃穆。新中国成立后,国家对天坛的文物古迹投入大量的资金,进行保护和维修。历尽沧桑的天坛以其深刻的文化内涵、宏伟的建筑风格,成为东方古老文明的写照。

  天坛集明、清建筑技艺之大成,是中国古建珍品,是世界上最大的祭天建筑群。1961年,国务院公布天坛为“全国重点文物保护单位”。1998年被联合国教科文组织确认为“世界文化遗产”。

天坛的导游词范文 篇3

  我们现在们在天坛的昭亨门,也就是现在天坛的南大门。

  天坛,位于北京城区的东南部,原是明、清两代皇帝祭天、祈谷的圣地,是世界现存规模最大的祭天建筑群。

  天坛,建于明朝永乐四年至十八年(1406——1420),与紫禁城(故宫)同时兴建。耗时20xx年,距今已有580多年历史。其占地273公顷,比故宫大3.7倍,略小于颐和园。整个建筑布局呈"回"字形,分为内外坛两大部分,各有坛墙围括。外坛墙总长6416米,原来仅设西门,为天坛的正门,是当年皇帝前来天坛祭祀时进出的大门。现在的东、南、北各门,都是后来开辟的。内坛墙总长3292米,分设有东、南、西、北四大"天门"。明代初年,祭天地都在此处举行,名为天地坛。嘉靖九年(1530年),在北郊另建方泽坛(地坛)后,才实行天地分祭,从此这里专门用于祭天,成为名副其实的天坛。 历代封建皇帝对祭天活动都极为重视,每年要两次亲临天坛祭天。第一次是在农历正月十五日,至祈年殿举行祈谷礼,祀(si)"皇天上帝"保佑五谷丰登,第二次是在冬至,至圜丘坛禀告五谷业已丰收,感谢天帝的保佑之恩。新中国成立后,天坛回到了真正当家作主的人民手中,并被列为全国重点文物保护单位。

  我们从南门进去,向北走,首先看到的就是在昭亨门西面的三座高大的石台,它叫作台。台上有长杆,叫望灯杆,该杆始建于明嘉靖九年(1530),杆长九丈九尺九寸。祭天时,三根灯杆上各吊一只直径六尺、高八尺的大灯笼,所用特制,长四尺,粗一尺,并铸有凸龙花纺。燃点时不灭,不流油,不剪蜡花,可燃烧十二个小时,名为“蟠龙通宵宝蜡”。

  此刻在我们眼前的便是圜丘坛俗称祭天台,这是名副其实的天坛。建于明嘉靖九年(1530),清乾隆十四年(1749)扩建,是一座四周由白石雕栏围护的三层石造圆台,通高五米,明、清两代,每年冬至日皇帝亲临的祭天礼仪,就在此坛举行。 圜丘坛在建筑形式上,有着许多神奇有趣的说法。这是我国古代人民巧妙运用几何学原理设计的一座杰出建筑,各项建筑材料的数学计算均极其精确,其中包含"九"的含义与运用深为中外广大游人所赞叹与称奇。

  圜丘坛共分三层,每层四面各有台阶九级。每层周围都设有精雕细刻的汉白玉石栏杆。栏杆的数字均为九或九的倍数,即上层72根、中层108根、下层180根。同时,各层铺设的扇面形石板,也是九或九的倍数。如最上层的中心是一块圆形大理石(称作天心石或太极石),从中心石向外,第一环为9块,第二环18块,到第九环81块;中层从第十环的90块至十八环的162块;下层从十九环的171块至二十七环的243块,三层共378个"九",为3402块。 同时,上层直径为9丈(取一九),中层直径为十五丈(取三五),下层直径为21丈(取三七),合起来45丈,不但是九的倍数,而且还有""之尊的含义。为什么要用九或九的倍数来设计建造祭坛呢?原因是:一、据神话传说,皇天上帝是住在九重天里,用九或九的倍数来象征九重天,以表示天体的至高与至大。二、在我国古代把单数(奇数)看作阳数,而将双数(偶数)视为阴数。天为阳、地为阴。天坛是用来祭天的,只能用阳数进行建筑。而"九"又被视为"极阳数",这是最吉祥的数字。除了封建迷信的因素外,而这种设计规制,却反映出当时工匠们高超的数学知识和计算才能,实在令人叹服。

  从南门进入圜丘坛,在内墙南隅有一座用绿琉璃砖砌成的燔炉,是祭天时焚烧松柏木和祭祀后烧祝版、祝帛的地方,燔炉旁有一座瘗坎,祭典结束,把扬供全牛的尾毛血等埋在坎内,像征不忘祖先茹毛饮血的意思。大家看在燔炉前排有8座燎炉,这些是专为祭天时焚烧松柏枝、松花、松塔等用的,在坛东、西门内还各有一对。

  现在我们来到了皇穹宇,它距今已有四百多年历史。殿高19.5米,底部直径15.6米。砖木结构,整个殿宇用八根檐柱支撑,顶无横梁,由众多斗拱层层上叠,天花板层层收缩,组成美丽的穹窿圆顶式的藻井。殿内正中的石台宝座,是放置皇天上帝神牌的地方;宝座前左右的石台,是放置皇帝历代祖先牌位之处。殿外的东西配殿,为供奉日月星辰和云雨风雷诸神牌位之所。现按原样陈列,并塑有清代祭天官员的蜡像。

  现在是我给大家介绍回音壁,它是指围括皇穹宇和东西配殿的高大的圆形围墙而言。围墙周长193.2米,直径61.5米,墙高3.72 米,厚0.9米。如果两个人分别站在院内东西配殿后的墙下,均面部朝北对墙低声说话,可像打电话一样互相对话,极其奇妙有趣,这就是回音壁得名的由来。

  下面介绍的是迷人的圆心石回音  圜丘坛上层中心有一块圆心石,是游人最感兴趣的又一奇妙之处。当你站在圆心石上轻声说话时,自己听起来声音很宏大,有共鸣性回音之感。但站在第二、三环以外的人,则无此种感觉。为什么呢?原来,这也是一种声学现象:由于坛面十分光洁平滑,声波传到周围等距离的石栏围板后,能够迅速地被反射回来。据声学专家测验,从发音到声波再回到圆心石的时间,总共仅有零点零七秒钟。说话者根本无法分清它的原音和回音,所以站在圆心石的人听起来,其共鸣性回音就格外响亮。封建统治者则把这种声学现象说成是"上天垂象",是天下万民对于朝廷的无限归心与一致响应,同时并赋予"亿兆景从石"的美名。

天坛的导游词范文 篇4

  各位旅客:

  你们好,我叫牛牛,今天由我来做你们的导游!

  今天我们旅游的景点是天坛,现在,让我们一起上车,请注意系好安全带。现在,我们已经到达天坛,请各位旅客下车。

  旅客们,当一进正门,我们将会看到许多个形状像坛子似的建筑,据说这个景点在一八六零年曾遭到英法联军的洗劫,一九零零年还遭受到八国联军的蹂躏。然而,在新中国成立以后,这里成为了著名的旅游景点。现在我们就以皇帝登坛的路线进行游览。

  首先我们观赏第一个坛,它叫“圆丘坛”,它有两个防护墙,还有一些阶梯和古人的雕像。现在我们要登坛了,旅客们,请你们最好数一下脚下的阶梯,到了二楼,你们会看到许多各种各样的雕像,他们都是古代的名人。旅客们,现在你们可以自由观赏,但请注意,不要乱涂乱画,带小孩的旅客请管理好自己的小孩,一小时之后,我们将会前往“天库”。

  现在我们已经到达“天库”了,它的正殿就是皇穹宇,上面有三个石头,它们被称为“三音石”。只要你们在第一块石头拍手一下,它就回声一下,在第二块石头拍手一下,它就回声两下,在第三块石头拍手一下,它就回声三下,所以,它们才被称之为“三音石”。

  现在,是旅客们自由活动时间,三小时后,我们在天坛正门集合,谢谢大家!

天坛的导游词范文 篇5

  大家好,我是这次旅游的导游,我姓_,大家能够叫我_导!

  此刻快到目的地--北京天坛,所以我先给大家将一些注意事项:礼貌、卫生、秩序、眼看手勿动、禁止乱涂乱画这五点,记得哦!

  乘客们,旅游景点已到,请大家有秩序的下车!此刻我们来到了天坛的正门,那里是皇帝前来祭祀时进出的大门。此刻,就让我一一地为大家介绍吧!

  天坛,1998年11月被列入《世界遗产名录》。它位于北京城南端,是明、清两代皇帝祭祀天地之神和祈祷五谷丰收的地方。天坛不仅仅是中国古建筑中的明珠,也是世界建筑史上的瑰宝。

  天坛东西长1700米,南北宽1600米,种面积为273万平方米。天坛包括圜丘和祈谷二坛,围墙分内外两层,呈回字形。北围墙为孤圆形,南围墙与东西墙成直角相交,为方形。这种南方北圆,,通称天地墙,象徽古代天圆地方之说。

  以上就是天坛的故事,时间不早了,此刻,大家自由参观拍照吧!--转眼间,我们的北京天坛一日游又结束了,大家有秩序的坐车回家吧!

天坛的导游词范文 篇6

  亲爱的游客们:

  你们好,我是你们的导游,你们可以叫我刘导,我们今天所要参观的就是以前皇帝祭天的地方天坛。

  明朝永乐皇帝在北京南城仿照南京的大祀殿建立了这作用于祭天的圣坛,主建筑是大祀殿,也就是今天祈年殿的'位置上。天坛有外坛墙和内坛墙,北面是圆形,南面是方形,取意天圆地方。

  现在我们正沿着天坛建筑的中轴线向南行进,将要看到的就是古代皇帝祭天的圜丘坛。圜丘有两道围护墙,使外方内圆,符合天圆地方的说法。需要特别提到的是皇帝恭读祝文所站立的地方,就是刚才所说的台面中心天心石。他是天坛三大声学现象之一。在这里朗读的时候声音特别洪亮,而且现在这里也是一样的,各位游客不妨体会一下这奇特的效果,也像当年的皇帝一样,向上天诉说自己美好的愿望。

  也许您刚才就已经注意到了,天坛有非常多的柏树,不错,它就好像北京一个天然的氧吧。而在这许多古柏当中,有一株500余岁的桧柏,就是回音壁西墙外的这棵九龙柏。它的树干纹理非常的奇特,布满了沟壑,而且旋转扭曲,好像9条蟠龙缠绕嬉戏,所以叫它九龙柏真是一点也不过分。请大家不要攀爬树木,注意自己的言行,这是一个神圣的地方,我们要保持宁静的心态,解放以后天坛不仅成了著名的旅游景点,而且还是北京城市绿地的组成部分,来这里的不光是旅游者,还不乏一些专门为了强身健体的老人们。

  今天的游览结束了,希望这次游览能让大家记住、在大家的心里留下深刻的回忆。

  希望大家下次再来哦。

天坛的导游词范文 篇7

  Dear visitors, today we will visit the emperor worship was formerly place - the temple of heaven.

  Ming yongle emperor after moved in Beijing enterprise of Beijing, the big site modeled nanjing is established for this role in praying to alter, covers an area of reached 273 million square meters. Lord architecture is big, is also the site of QiNianDian position today. The temple of heaven has outer wall and the altar, the north is round compound has wall, the south is square, take meaning nature round place. In the beginning, heaven and offering ground is the temple of heaven, until the jiajing years in beicheng built ditan, just separate, and new MengDong HuanQiu altar, for the original big praying to the site, and great temple, instead, when MengChun specially for the mega garden just house roof was three double-hipped roof, from top to bottom blue and yellow green colors representing the earthen universe. And in qianlong multiplied, instead of the house, and now QiNianDian with roof tiles blue glazed tile. Thus formed today what we see of the world's largest ceremonial buildings.

  But such a praying to the holy land, but also once was in the anglo-french allied in 1860, then the looted in 1900 was again the ravages of g8 coalition. In 1916 the reign of yuan shikai once also in the temple of heaven has played a ceremonial farce. In 1918, the temple of heaven park end up with open. After the liberation tiantan not only become the famous tourist attractions, and still part of the Beijing urban green space, come here not only is the tourists, also have some specifically for the old people vti).

  Now let's put the altar along the route that the emperor start the tour.

  re going to see is HuanQiu altar of ancient emperor worship. There are two ways HuanQiu surrounded wall, make foreign inside the circle, accord with that nature round place. Every wall all have four groups lingxingmeng, from east ordinal it is tai yuan, zhao heng, GuangLi, ChengZhen, each group sanmen, a total of 24 seats, called "cloud gate jade". You can notice, lingxingmeng size are different, this is because in door is god dedicated, so tall; Only from the door of the emperor into; But other officials can only from the right side of the door through the smallest. And the same platform is emperor ceremonies in worship before replacement offering clothing and wash one's hands and face with local, called served Chinese Taiwan. Came to HuanQiu altar, we'll start next put altar, but I please pay attention to each layer of how many steps square. To top it all, we also found, the altar all steps number, guard board number are nine or multiples of nine. Every board a layer, have 9 steps, mesa tablets of stone, called pure among the first lap the periphery of nine laps huge brick slab, the second lap fan 18 blocks, and so on, to most outside the 9th lap is just 81 block; And everybody looked can see enclosure panels were all steps is divided into four parts, each part also has nine pieces, while middle-level enclosure panel is 18 blocks, lower is 27 pieces, these aren't all be coincidence? Of course not, because according to the Yin yang-five elements, it is extremely Yang number nine, so ancient craftsman will use this digital to give HuanQiu sets the noble thoughts.

天坛的导游词范文 篇8

  各位游客,大家好!

  我叫任,是你们这次天坛之旅的导游。此刻我们的车正行驶在去天坛的路上,在那里我先简单地介绍一下天坛。

  天坛位于北京城南端,是明清两代祭祀天地之神和祈祷五谷丰登的地方。它的严谨的建筑布局,奇特的建筑结构,瑰丽的建筑装饰,被认为是我国现存的一组最精致、最美丽的古建筑群。天坛不仅仅是中国古建筑中的明珠,也是世界建筑史上的瑰宝。

  好了,我们已经到了天坛公园,请大家跟我出发吧!此刻我们看到的是祈年殿。殿高33米,直径24。2米,是昔日北京的最高建筑之一。1751年重建祈年殿,更换蓝瓦金顶。1887年八月二十四日,雷雨交加,祈年殿不幸被击中,焚烧。因楹柱为檀香木,香飘数里!

  下面我们来到天坛南半部的圆丘坛,它始建于1530年,坐北朝南,四周绕以红色宫墙。子墙内部各有一大门,每座门上题有满汉合壁门额。内中央处,就是祭天台(也叫拜天台),即圆丘台。

  咦,不知大家是否注意到,自从我们进入天坛,到处树木葱郁,尤其在南北轴线和建筑群附近,更是古柏参天,树冠相接,把祭坛烘托得十分肃穆。

  好了,我的介绍到那里就结束了,下面大家能够自由参观。

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